I recently taught a class in moral theology on the apparent paradox contained in the Church’s teaching on the primacy of conscience. The idea is that one’s conscience, even when in error, is morally binding: ‘Every conscience, whether right or wrong … obliges us in such a way that whoever acts against conscience sins.’ The problem arises when we consider another aspect of Church doctrine, namely, its specific and definitive moral teaching, such as its instruction on abortion or euthanasia. The question naturally arises: What is the Catholic expected to do?